Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia, Vol. 13 (2) Juni 2011.

1.                  Analisis Dampak PenerapanMilk District Model NestleTerhadap Aksesibilitas

Livelihood AssetsPeternak Sapi Perah di Jawa Timur

(Studi pada Empat Wilayah Penampungan Susu Segar)

Analysis the Impacts of Application of Milk Dictrict Model Nestle for Livelihood Assets Accessibilities of Dairy Farmers in the Province of East Java

B.A. Nugroho dan P.S. Winarto

Fakultas PeternakanUniversitas Brawijaya, Malang

Jl. Veteran Malang, 65145. Jawa Timur

e-mail: bamalnug@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

East Java province is one of the development centre of dairy farming in Indonesia. In 2008, dairy farming activities in East Java constitue is about 88,148 dairy farmers, 29 dairy cooperatives, 130,000 dairy cows, and produces 600,000 litres freshmilk per day, from that amount 410,000 litres marketed to PT. Nestle. This study was conducted to analysis macro impact of milk district model Nestle on 1) labor absorption, natural resources conservation, and regional economic growth and 2) on capital assets accessibility of dairy farmers. Analysis methods that we used in this study were 1) field survey using questionnaire; 2) collecting secondary data; 3) in depth interview using checklist; and 4) measuring accesssibility on livelihood assets (human, natural, physics, social and financial accesss). Areas of study located on three regencies in East Java Province: Malang, Blitar and Kediri, 97 smallscale dairy farmers were surveyed. The impacts of milk district model on livelihood assets accessibilities remain significants especially on financial and social capitals. This means that dairy farmers accesssibilities on financial sources were improved because it provide regular source of income, something the dairy farmers would not receive from their seasonal crops. Accessibility level of social capital were improved too, this means that smallscale dairy farming activities capables to create many collective activities on the rural communities based on dairy farming issues through variety efforts on Artificial Insemination (AI), feeding process, freshmilk handling, freshmilk collecting, forages management, breeding, animal healthcares, etc. Accessibility level on human, physical and natural capitals remainds lower than social and financial capitals because there are a lack of human capital (knowledge, skills, creativity and adaptive strategy); a lack of physical capital (rural infrastructures); and natural capital (clean water availability).

Keywords:livelihood assets, milk district model, smallscale dairy farming

2.Characteristic of the Three Pig Keeping Systems on Performance

of Small-Scale Pig Farmers at Manokwari, West Papua

D.A. Iyai dan S.Y. Randa

Department of Animal Production

Faculty of Animal Sciences Fisheries and Marine Sciences

The State University of Papua. Jl. Gunung Salju, Amban

Manokwari - Papua Barat. Indonesia. 98314

e-mail: da.iyai@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Pig keeping systems consisted of extensive, semi-intensive and intensive systems were studied to seek its performances on pigs and small-scale pig farmers. From six districts and 15 villages, 50 respondents were chosen. Characteristic of farmers and pig keeping systems were studied. Animal number used were 355 tails for measuring pig variables consisted of body weight, reproduction and herd size. Labor and experience were varied among the three pig keeping systems (P<0.05). Animal herd, farrowing rate, suckling piglet number and its body weight, weaned body weight and adult body weight were differ significantly (P<0.05) particularly on semi-penned pig keeping. Pig production efficiency and pig production productivity used as qualitative characteristic were not drawing animal efficiency and producivity.

Keywords: pig keeping system, performance, pig production efficiency, pig production productivity

3.Evaluasi Total Koloni Bakteri dan Cita Rasa Telur Asin dengan Perlakuan Perendaman Ekstrak Kulit Bawang (Allium ascalonicum)

The Evaluation of Colony Bacteria and Organoleptic of Salted Duck Eggs Which Soaked

in Onion Skin (Allium ascalonicum)

D. Novia, I. Juliyarsi, dan P. Andalusia

Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Andalas

Kampus Unand Limau Manis Padang, 25163

e-mail: deni_novia@yahoo.co.id

ABSTRACT

Onion skin is a waste of agricultural products rich with tannin content. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of soaking salted eggs with the extraction  of onion skin (Allium ascalonicum) for water content, pH, bacteria colony, and organoleptic of salted eggs .  200 grains of Anas javanicus eggs duck, 5000 g of brick powder, 1000 g of salt and 2800 g of onion skin were used in this experiment. The experiment was designed in a randomized block design (RBD) with 5 different treatments of soaking salted eggs time in onion extraction, and four different groups of duck eggs as replicates. The treatments of soaking salted eggs in extraction of union skin were control (K); soaking one day (1H); immersion for three days (3H); immersion for 5 days (5H); immersion for 7 days (7H). Variables measured were water content, pH, bacteria colony, and organoleptic of salted eggs product. The results showed that there was no effect of the time of soaking on water content and pH of salted duck egg, while it affect the  total bacteria colony  and organoleptic significantly. It was concluded that one  day of immersion is the best immersion for making salted eggs.

Keywords: salted egg, onion skin, organoleptic and bacterial colony forming

4. Production Technology and Efficiency of Farmer’s Dairy Entreprises

 (A Case Study in the Regency of Bogor, Boyolali, and Pasuruan)

Fuah, A.M¹., D. J. Setyono¹., B. P. Purwanto¹ and A. A. Fuah²

¹Departemen Ilmu Produksi dan Teknologi Peternakan,

Fakultas Peternakan Institut Pertanian Bogor

Jl. Agatis Kampus IPB Darmaga Bogor, 16680

²Direktorat Jenderal Peternakan, Deptan

e-mail: asnath_95@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

During for the past 10 years, milk production in Indonesia has been on the increase of approximately 70% (FAO, 2002), but it can only meet 30% of domestic needs for milk. The remaining 70% is still imported, mostly from  Australia and New Zealand. Milk production in Indonesia is expected to increase to achieve an average of 15-20 liters/cow/day.  It is necessary to analyze dairy enterprises to assess its feasibility. The objectives of this study were: (1) to evaluate production technology of small holder dairy farm in  West Java, Central Java and East Java;  (2) to analyze the efficiency of the existing dairy farming. Twenty farmers from each localities with ownership less than or equal to 10 cows, consisted of small (<4 cows), medium (4-6 cows), and large (> 6 cows) scales were interviewed on their  businesses. Economic analysis on net profit indicated by BC-Ratio, and IRR values. The dairy farming in West Java, Central Java and East Java was carried out traditionally without technological diversification, the main products were pasteurised fresh milk. Milk production was low (10 liters/cow/day). Net income of Rp 1,521,820/m/farmers, BC-Ratio 1.32,  and IRR  17% indicated a low result. Improving cows ownership should be in line with the improved management and technology application.

Keywords: Milk production, Efficiency, Small holder, Dairy farm.

5. UNGGAS ORGANIK

Peternakan Ayam Masa Depan

ORGANIC POULTRY: FUTURE POULTRY  FARMING SYSTEM

M. H. Abbas
Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Andalas

Kampus Unand Limau Manis Padang, 25163

ABSTRACT

         In response to the failure of the Green Revolution which led to leveling off land productivity, damage the environment, and income of farmers who did not turn up, then introduction the sustainable agriculture development, namely how to manage farms to maintain long-term stability of ecology, biodiversity and improving local wisdom through integrated farming, biotechnology , holistic management, organic farming, animal husbandry based on the principles of animal welfare, food safety and other organics.
The insistence of global issues concerning animal walfare, back to nature, low fat, low cholesterol, presence of residual effects, antibiotics, hormones and other additives in food, can direct our movement towards organic poultry, especially with the utilization of native chicken, because potential indigenous chicken and maintenance system is suitable for conversion into the provision of organic chicken production in accordance to environmental sustainability without using feed ingredients which are modified gene.
Facing the era of organic poultry, local chicken can be relied upon by Indonesia in the future because it has many advantages; great potential and wide spread among the farmers, have the power of adaptation to local environments is high, tolerant of low quality feed, more tolerant to disease, however; productivity is still low, there is no adequate system poultry breeding. Through an integrated farming organic poultry feed ingredients in the environment can take advantage of farmers, non-conventional waste; earthworms, slugs, snails, waste oil, cattle (rumen contents), forestry, and other nutritious enough.
Required number of strategies for the development of local and broiler chickens on a small scale as organic poultry in the future, namely; immediately apply Permentan No. 49/2006 regarding poultry breeding, empowerment of farmers will add value compared to traditional organic poultry, lack of regulation and control of organic poultry, there is need for an organic chicken farmer associations as container consultancy, mentoring, education, technological innovation, joint marketing, and protecting the interests of members , as well as empowerment and awareness by consumers willing to pay more to the advantage of organic chicken.

Key words; sustainable livestock farming, organic food, integrated farming, organic poultry.

6. Pendugaan Bobot Karkas, Persentase Karkas dan Tebal Lemak Punggung

Babi Duroc Jantan Berdasarkan Umur Ternak

The Prediction of Carcass Weight, Percentage of Carcass, and Back Fat Thickness of

 Male Duroc Pig Based on Their Age

S.N. Aritonang, J. Pinem, dan S. Tarigan

Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Andalas

Kampus Unand Limau Manis Padang, 25163

e-mail: sn_aritonang@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The research for predicting of carcass weight, percentage of carcass  and back fat thickness of male Duroc pig based on their age was done on one hundred and twenty male Duroc pigs.  The pigs were divided into four different groups of their aged: A (240-270 days), B (271-300 days), C (301-330 days) and D (331-360 days). Survey  method was done by using purposive quota sampling in Mabar Slaugther House, Medan. The variables observed were carcass weight, percentage of carcass, and back fat thickness of male Duroc pig. The prediction of variables which correlated with their aged were measured by using regression analysis. The result indicated that there was closely relation between animal age with carcass weight, percentage of carcass, and back fat thickness of male Duroc pig (P<0.01). The correlation coefficients were 0.989; 0.891 and 0.957 respectly.

Keywords: Duroc pig, carcass percentage, back fat thickness

7. Penggunaan Ampas Sagu Ampas Tahu Fermentasi dengan Monascus purpureus

dalam Ransum Terhadap Performa  Puyuh Petelur

The Utilization of Combination of Sago Rotb-Tofu Waste Fermented by Monascus purpureus

in Egg Quail Ration On Their Egg Performance

S.A. Latif, Nuraini, Mirzah, dan A. Djulardi

Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Andalas

Kampus Unand Limau Manis Padang. 25163

e-mail: suslina_alatif79@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The aim of this research is to know the effect of utilization of combination sago rotb waste and tofu waste fermented by Monascus purpureus in egg quail (Coturnix-coturnix japonica) ration on their egg performance. About 200 quails were used in completely randomized design with 4 treatments (0.5%; 10%  and 15%) of different level of  combination sago rotb waste and tofu waste fermented in ration, and each treatment are replicated  for 5 times. Ration  are arranged iso protein (20%) and iso calory (2,800 kcal/kg). The parameters are: egg production, egg weigth and body weight. The result showed that the utilization of combination of sago rotb and tofu waste fermented by Monascus purpureus was not affected egg quail performance significantly (P>0.05). Inconclusion, the utilization of combination sago rotb waste and tofu waste fermented by Monascus purpureus until 15% in quail ration increased egg production with quail day scoring 80%, egg weight is 9.70 g/egg, and body weight is 56.12 g/quail.

Keywords: Monascus purpureus, egg production, egg weight and body weight

8. Analisis Tingkat Perkembangan Kawasan Agropolitan Desa Perpat

Kabupaten Belitung Berbasis Komoditas Unggulan Ternak Sapi Potong

Analysis of Area Development of Perpat Agropolitan Village, District of Belitung

Based on Beef Cattle Commodities

Suyitman¹ dan S.H. Sutjahjo²

¹Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Andalas, Kampus Limau Manis Padang, 25163

²Fakultas Pertanian Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Darmaga Bogor

e-mail: suyitman_psl@yahoo.co.id

ABSTRACT

This study aims to analyze the level of area development of Perpat Agropolitan Village - District of Belitung-Province of Bangka Belitung based on beef cattle commodity in terms of 5 (five) dimensions agropolitan level of area development, namely: the dimensions of agribusiness, agro-industry, marketing, infrastructure and superstructure. This study use a method of analysis of Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) called Rap-agrop and the results are expressed in index form and the status of sustainability. The result of MDS analysis shows the level of development area of Perpat agropolitan village, based on beef cattle farm commodities, was still low, ie: including  Pre Regions Agropolitan. This region has an index value of Rap-agrop dimensional good enough for agribusiness (50.57%), infrastructure (64.49%), and the superstructure (57.23%), while the dimensions of agro-industries (6.52%) and marketing (9.98%) had an index value that is poorly. The key factors that strongly affected the level of development of the region agropolitan Perpat-Belitung, namely: 1) the production of beef cattle and 2) the production of processed meat. To enhance the development of this area is to do a thorough improvement of all attributes that are sensitive, so that all dimensions in the region agropolitan Perpat become enhanced and more sustainable. 

Keywords: agropolitan, beef cattle, sustainability index, Belitung district

9. Pengaruh Waktu Pelapisan Spermatozoa Sapi Pada Media TALP yang Disuplementasi bovine serum albumin (BSA) Terhadap Jenis Kelamin Embrio In vitro

The Influence of Time Veneering Cow of Spermatozoa in Media of TALP which Supplementazion by Bovine Serum of Albumin (BSA) to Gender

Embryo of In vitro

T. Afriani, Z. Udin, Jaswandi, dan S. Asmairicen

Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Andalas

Kampus Unand Limau Manis Padang, 25153

e-mail: op3martshar@yahoo.co.id

ABSTRACT

This research aim  to know the influence of  depth veneering time of spermatozoa at media of TALP which was supplemented  by 4% BSA to embryo gender in in- vitro and to get the time dissociation of spermatozoa which have the best chromosome Y.  This research represent attempt of exsperiment in RBT by 4 time veneering of spermatozoa as treatment,  times intake of semen of epididymis to groups. Variables measure are: 1). mortality of spermatozoa, 2). number of in vitro fertilzation, 3. masculine gender embryo ratio. Result shown,  the veneering of cow spermatozoa during 90 minute in media of TALP which was supplemented by  4% bovine serum albumin (BSA) can dissociate spermatozoa which have chromosome Y with percentage of highest male sex (90.00±24.49), and highest percentage of mortality and fertility were  obtained at veneering during 60 minute with scoring 73.33 ± 5.16 and 53.92±18.79 respectively 

Keywords:bovine serum albumin (BSA), veneering, spermatozoa, embryo

10. Analisis Konsumsi Daging Sapi Di Provinsi Papua Barat

Consumption Analysis of Beef in West Papua Province

T.W. Widayati¹, S. Widodo², Masyhuri², dan A. Suryantini²

¹Fakultas Peternakan Perikanan dan Kelautan Universitas Negeri Papua

Jl. Gunung Salju, Amban. Manokwari.

²Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada

Jl. Flora, Bulaksumur. Yogyakarta, 55281

e-mail: trieswd@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The study aims to determine the level of beef consumption and the factors that influence the consumption of beef in West Papua. The data used in this study are monthly time series data of BPS, sourced from all districts in the province of West Papua from 1990 to 2004. Data were analyzed by using multiple linear regression equation by Ordinary Least Square method. The results showed that the average beef consumption per capita per year for people of West Papua is 0.79 kg. The increasing of population and income per capita affected the increasing of beef consumption significantly. Increasing the price of chicken meat, pork prices and the price of rice has significant effect of reducing domestic consumption of beef. Increasing the price of  tuna, squid and sweet potatoes have a significant effect in increasing of the domestic consumption of beef.

Keywords: beef consumption, time series, Ordinary Least Square

Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia, Vol. 13 (1) Februari 2011.

Pengaruh Penambahan Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) dan Pregnant Mare’s Serum Gonadotropin (PMSG) dalam Sel Granulosa terhadap Konsentrasi Progesteron pada Tingkat Maturasi Oosit In Vitro

Effect of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Pregnant Mare's Serum Gonadotropin (PMSG) in Granulosa Cells on Progesterone Concentration and Rate of In Vitro Maturation of Oocytes

D. Dianti¹, Z. Udin² dan Jaswandi²

¹Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Islam Indragiri Tembilahan, Riau

Jl. Kihajar Dewantara No. 1 Tembilahan 324918

²Laboratorium Reproduksi Ternak Fak. Peternakan Universitas Andalas

Kampus Unand Limau Manis Padang 25163

Email: devi.dianti@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

This research was conducted to determine the effect of adding hormone FSH and PMSG in vitro oocyte maturation medium on maturation rate and hormone progesterone. In this experiment, oocytes derived from ovaries of slaughtered cattle at the slaughterhouse. Maturation medium using TCM-199 supplemented serum 10%, gentamicin 50 ug / ml, FSH 10 g / ml or PMSG 10 g / ml and the culture of granulosa cells 1x105 cells / ml. In each treatment unit is used 20 oocyte quality A and B in 100 mL of maturation medium. Randomized Blok Design in factorial (2x2x4) was used in this experiment. The Factor A culture (without cells and granulosa cells), B factor hormones (PMSG and FSH).Variables measured were the number maturation and progesterone hormone levels in maturation medium by using RIA techniques. The results shown, there is no interaction of hormone addition in granulosa cell numbers on maturation level and progesterone concentration  in maturation medium. Granulosa cell in maturation medium significantly (P<0.05) increased the number of oocyte maturation in vitro. The highest maturation was obtained from  media with granulosa cells and FSH of 71.25%, while the highest progesterone obtained from media with granulosa cells and PMSG 1.40 ng / ml.

Keywords: Oocyte, FSH, PMSG, progesteron

Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Efektivitas

Kebijakan Impor Sapi Potong di Propinsi Jawa Barat

Factors that Influenced the Implementation of Beef Cattle’s Import Policy in West Java

                                                          D. Yuzaria¹⁾ dan D. Suryadi²⁾

¹⁾Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Andalas,

Kampus Unand Limau Manis Padang 25163

²⁾ Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Padjadjaran,

Jl. Raya Jatinangor Sumedang, Jawa Barat

E-mail: dwiyuzaria@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

West Java is an imported-beef feedlotter region. Almost 50% of imported cow from Australia are cattled in several district and city. The ammount of cattled imported beef increases every year. Its shows that the implementation of import policy has not been optimal. It did not develop the business of local cattle production. The condition was suspected because of lack of effective implementation of policies by the authorities. This study aims to analyze how the varied pattern of the implementtation of beef import policy reviewed from the aspect of communication, resources, disposition and bureaucratic structure. Research conducted in fifteen distric and city in West Java. This research used the survey method, multistage random sampling, analyzed by using the model of Edward to measure the level policy implementation. The result are, (1) there were pattern variations in import policy implementation: 2) In general, implementation of the import policy, varies from moderate to good. 3) Implementation from the province into districts varies with the medium pattern. 4) Sukabumi, Ciamis and Bandung district is better than the other several district and cities in West Java. Conclussion: policy implementation not yet effective and differs depending on resources.

Keywords : Implementation, import policy, beef cattle

Efek Pemberian Blondo dalam Ransum terhadap Total Koloni

Lactobacillus sp, Salmonella sp dan Escherichia coli

pada Ileum Broiler

Effect of Feeding By-Product of Virgin Coconut Oil Processing (Blondo)

on Total Colony Lactobacillus sp, Salmonella sp and Escherichia coli

in Illeum of Broiler

E. Martinelly, Husmaini, E. Purwati R.N., R. Zein dan R. M. Siagian

Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Andalas,

Kampus Unand Limau Manis Padang 25163

E-mail: elsamartinelly77@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of feeding by-product from virgin coconut oil processing (blondo) in ration on total colony of Lactobacillus sp, Salmonella sp and Escherichia coli in ileum of broiler. Broilers reared for 6 weeks in Unit Pelaksana Teknis (UPT), at Faculty of Animal Science, University of Andalas. One hundred of broilers strain Cobb on three days old were used. The design of experiment was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with 5 treatments (0; 7.5; 15; 22.5 and 30% blondo level in ration) and 4 replications for each treatment. Variables observed were total colony of Lactobacillus sp bacteria, Salmonella sp and Escherichia coli in ileum of broiler at 3 and 6 weeks of age. The result showed, total colony of Lactobacillus sp bacteria highly significant (P<0.01) increased and Salmonella sp highly significant (P<0.01) decreased by treatment at 3 and 6 weeks of age, but only decreased significantly (P<0.05) total colony of Escherichia coli bacteria at 3 weeks of age and highly significant decreased (P<0.01) at 6 weeks of age. The results showed that administration of 15% blondo in ration showed the most optimal results in creating a balance of microflora in ileum of broiler.

Keywords: Broiler, blondo, total colony bacteria, illeum

Pengaruh Komposisi Susu, Tepung Telur dan Tepung Beras terhadap Kualitas dan Organoleptik Biskuit

Effect of Combination of Milk, Egg Powder and Rice Flour

                                                 on Biscuits Quality and Organoleptics

E. Vebriyanti dan R. Kurniawan

Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Andalas

Kampus Unand Limau manis, Padang 25163

Email:elyvebriyanti@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The research objectives are determination of concentration of milk, rice flour and egg powder on protein, fat, crude fibre, and organoleptic evaluation on biscuit. The experiment was designed by using Randomized Block Design with 4 treatments: A(egg powder 20%, skim milk 33%, rice flour 7%), B (egg powder 25%, skim milk 25%, rice flour 10%), C (egg powder 30%, skim milk 17%, rice flour 13%), D (egg powder 35%, skim milk 9%, rice flour 16%), and each treatment was repeated 5 times. Parameters observed were protein, fat, crude fibre, and organoleptic of biscuit. Result shown, the concentration of milk, rice flour and egg powder affected of protein, fat, crude fibre, and organoleptic of biscuit highly significant (P<0.01). In conclusion, the best concentration of milk, rice flour, and egg powder for biscuit were 9%, 16%, and 35 % respectively.

Keywords: Biscuit, protein, fat content, organoleptic

Pengaruh Waktu Fertilisasi dan Sistem Inkubasi yang Berbeda terhadap

Tingkat Fertilisasi Sapi Lokal Secara In Vitro

The Effect of Fertilization Time and Different Incubation System on Fertilization Level of Indigenous Cow by In-Vitro

F. L. Syaiful, R. Saladin, Jaswandi dan Z. Udin

Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Andalas

Kampus Unand Limau Manis Padang 25153

E-mail: ferrylismantonova@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of fertilization time and different incubation systems on fertilization level by in-vitro. The mature of ovaries from indigenous cow and fresh cement from Holstein Frisian cows (FH), 0.9 % NaCl physiological PBS, Nissui Japan, l,TCM-199, HEPES 30 μM, 20 mL Heparin, 10% goat serum, 250 g/ml FSH BO medium, mediumgentamisain 50 mB-O, mineral oil, alcohol, aquabidest, and 1% aceto orcein were materials and reagents. The Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in factorial pattern was used. Results shown no significant effect on the percentage of fertilized oocytes and level of development of pronuclei (2PN and> 2PN) by different timing of fertilization and incubation system. The development of pronucleus (1PN) showed significant (P <0.05) on 12 hours (37.60 %), but no significant effect on different incubation system. It concluded, the system of incubation and time of fertilization has no effect on oocyte fertilization rate. Oocytes fertilization time can be performed at 6 hours, 12 hours, and 18 hours, while the extension of the period of fertilization until 18 hours did not increase the level of fertilization.

Keywords: Incubation systems, fertilization time, FIV and pronucleus

                    Aplikasi Pakan Konsentrat Berbasis Bahan Lokal untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan dan Kualitas Karkas Sapi

Application of Concentrate Levels Based on Local Feed for Improving Growth and

Carcass Quality of Indigenous West Sumatera Cattle

Khasrad, Arnim, R.W.S. Ningrat dan Rusdimansyah

Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Andalas

Kampus Unand Limau Manis Padang 25153

E-mail: khasrad@faterna.unand.ac.id

ABSTRACT

The Pesisir cattle are indigenous West Sumatera cattle. Their quality needs to be improved since they can live in local environment with sufficiently available feed resources. A research has been done to study the effects of feeding level and fattening period to the growth and the carcass characteristics of the Pesisir cattle. This research was designed by using block design with three blocks. The first factor was two levels of feeding, i.e: A1 = 50 % concentrate + 50 % ammoniated rice straw, A2 = 75 % concentrate + 25 % ammoniated rice straw. The second was time period of fattening, i.e: B1 = 3 months and B2 = 4 months. The results showed that there was no interaction between the level of feeding and fattening period to the growth, percentage of carcass, the back fat thickness and the rib eye area of the Pesisir cattle (P> 0.05). The higher of concentrate percentage, the higher the growth of the cattle, the thicker the back fat and the wider the rib eye area will be (P<0.05). Similarly, the longer the fattening, the higher the percentage of carcass, the thicker the back fat and the wider rib eye area will be.

Keywords: Pesisir Cattle, feeding levels, fattening period, carcass

Efek Suplementasi Daun Ubi Kayu terhadap

Kecernaan Daun Sawit Amoniasi secara In Vitro

The Effect of Cassava Leaves Supplementation

on Ammoniated Palm Oil Leaves Digestibility In vitro

Nurhaita¹⁾ dan R.W.S. Ningrat²⁾

¹⁾ Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muhammadiyah Bengkulu

Jl. Raya Kandang Limun, Bengkulu 38371

²⁾Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Andalas

Kampus Unand Limau Manis, Padang 25163

E-mail: nurhaita@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to obtain the level of supplementation of cassava leaves as a source of branched chain amino acids in improving nutrients digestibility of ammoniation palm leaf, and characteristics of rumen fluid ( in-vitro). The experiment was designed by using randomized block design with 6 treatments of supplementation of cassava leaf (A = 0% as control, B = 5%, C = 10%, D = 15%, E = 20% and F = 25% of dry matter) with 4 replications. Parameters were: 1) Digestibility of nutrients (dry matter, organic matter, crude protein) 2) Digestibility of fiber fractions (NDF, ADF, cellulose and hemicellulose) and 3) Characteristics of rumen fluid (pH, NH3, and VFA) by in- vitro. The results showed cassava leaves supplementation significantly (P <0.05) increased the in-vitro digestibility of palm leaves ammoniation. The highest dry matter digestibility obtained at cassava leaf 5% (24.09%) in comparing controls (45.49% vs. 56.45%), and ADF digestibility increased by 36.91% compared to controls (37.25% vs. 51.00%). Cassava leaves maintained rumen fluid characteristics for microbial rumen growth and activities. It concluded, the level of supplementation cassava leaves as a source of the best branched chain amino acids in palm leaf ammoniation was 5%.

Keywords: Palm oil leaves, cassava leaves, ammoniation, in-vitro digestibility,

Kualitas dan Aktifitas Antibakteri Dadih Susu Sapi Mutan Lactococcus lactis terhadap Staphylococcus aureus, Escherechia coli dan Salmonella typii

Quality and Antibacterial Activity of Mutant Cow Milk Dadih Lactococcus lactis on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherechia coli and Salmonella typii

S. Melia dan I. Juliyarsi

Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Andalas

Kampus Unand Limau Manis Padang 25163

E-mail: sri.melia04@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Lactococcus lactis mutant dadih is fermented food made of cow's milk in a plastic tube with a 2% Lactococcus lactis and incubated at 30^oC for 48 hours. The experiment result shown, the characteristics dadih barriers Lactococcus lactis mutants on antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus wider than antimicrobial activity against Escherechia typii coli and Salmonella. Lactococcus lactis mutant dadih contains 71,4% water, 0,93% acidity , 5:02% protein , 6:39% fat, 18 x 105 cfu / g total colony of Lactococcus lactis mutant, and essential amino acid.

Keyword : Dadih, mutan Lactococcus lactis dan bacteriocin

Hubungan antara Umur dengan Bobot Non Karkas

Internal dan Eksternal pada Babi Duroc Jantan di RPH Mabar Medan

The Relation of Animal Age with Internal and External Non Carcass

Weight of Male Duroc Pig at RPH Mabar Medan

S.N. Aritonang, J. Pinem, dan T. A. Pelawi

Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Andalas

Kampus Unand Limau Manis Padang 25163

E-mail: sn_aritonang@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The purposed of this research was analyzed the relationship of pigs age with internal and external non carcass weight of male Duroc pigs. The experiment has been carried out on one hundred and twenty male Duroc pig, which consisted of four aged groups : A (240-270 days), B (271-300 days), C (301-330 days) and D (331-360 days). The method of this research was survey method by purposive quota sampling in Mabar Slaugther House, Medan. The variables were observed of internal and external non carcass weigth (head and foot) of male Duroc pigs. The relation of animal age and variable measured is used the quadratic regression analysis. The result indicated that there are closely relation (P<0,01) between animal age with internal and external non carcass weigth (head and foot) of male Duroc pig with correlation coefficient of 0.953; 0.992 and 0.950.

Keywords: Duroc pig, internal non carcass, external non carcass

Analisis Faktor-faktor Produksi pada Peternakan Sapi Perah Ompie Farm

di Kabupaten Tanah Datar

Analysis of Production Factors on Ompie Dairy Farm

at Tanah Datar Regency

Syafril, R. Wati dan A.I. Osvaldo

Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Andalas

Kampus Unand Limau Manis Padang 25163

E-mail: rahmi.unand@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The research purpose was analyzed the utilization of production factors in dairy cow farming in economies of scale at Ompie dairy cow farming in Tanjung Bonai village, North of Lintau Buo subdistrict, Tanah Datar regency. The samples were 18 lactating dairy cows. Data obtained through case study by observing and calculated the consumption of grass and concentrate as well as the lactating month and the cow’s weight directly, and interviewed Farm’s caretaker. Production factors estimated by using ordinary least square by using SPSS 17. Result shown, production function Y= 0,0012 H1,671K0,405M-0,187W0,119 was obtained. R Square test determination, coefficient (R2) was 0.721, which was means 71,2% of production variation can be explained through green food variable, concentrate, month of lactation, and different cows’ weight. The F test showed that overall, independent variables has significant impact on milk production (P<0,01). The t test result showed that green foods variable and month of lactation has real impacts on level of trust 99% while concentrate and cow’s weight did not have significant impact. This farm is experiencing increasing return to scale which means increasing the amount of input will generate additional output with bigger proportion. We can observe this on Σbi value of 2,076.

Keywords: Production factors, dairy cow, cobb douglas, efficiency